The Black Farmer America – A Black Female Farm History & Story Are Ancestors went through a lot How we got paid.It was not EZ, but we had to do it. After years of protests and lawsuits, black farmers in the south will result of a .2 billion settlement in their discrimination case against federal agriculture officials. About 18,000 farmers in total are expected to receive checks over the next few days, according to reports from The Clarion-Ledger in Jackson, Mississippi .
This is the second round of funding for black farmers. Thousands received payments in 1999 as part of a settlement in a class-action suit over allegations of widespread discrimination by federal officials who denied loans and other assistance to black farmers because of their race. “After all these years and all the fighting, this is what it’s all about, John Boyd, president of the National Black Farmers Association, which pushed Congress for the settlement, told the Clarion-Ledger. “It doesn’t take away what the government has done to us, but for those who receive the payments it will make a difference in their lives, About 40,000 black farmers filed claims in the .2 billion settlement, which ended a discrimination case against the United States Department of Agriculture. In 2010, President Obama signed the bill authorizing compensation for discrimination in farm lending by federal officials. Black farmers will receive settlement payments of ,500, including ,000 for the claim and ,500 for taxes. Of the .2 billion, about million was approved for attorney fees. “I am pleased this chapter of discrimination in the history of the Department of Agriculture is closed and bureaucracy will no longer keep these farmers from receiving their due justice Democratic Rep. Marcia Fudge of Ohio, chairwoman of the Congressional Black Caucus, told the Clarion-Ledger. The payments could lead to an infusion of money back into farming, adds Adel Brown Jr., vice chancellor for research at Southern University Agricultural Research & Extension Center. The center has worked with black farmers in Louisiana who filed claims in the first and second cases. Many farmers who had filed claims have since died. Of the 18,000 claims approved, about 4,000 to 5,000 were estate claims. The National Black Farmers Association is working with some families whose deceased parents had filed claims. “This is not a great trade-off by any means, but I think the funds will make a difference, Boyd told the Clarion-Ledger. “It’s a bitter sweet victory.
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Black farmers that farm cotton land and more
The Black Farmer In America – A Black Female Farm History & Story How we got paid 2
Black farmers in America have had a long and arduous struggle to own land and to operate independently. For more than a century after the Civil War, deficient civil rights and various economic and social barriers were applied to maintaining a system where many blacks worked as farm operators with a limited and often total lack of opportunity to achieve ownership and operating independence. Diminished civil rights also limited collective action strategies, such as cooperatives and unions. Even so, various types of cooperatives, including farmer associations, were organized in black farming communities prior to the 1960s. During the 1960s, the civil rights movement brought a new emphasis on cooperatives. Leaders and organizations adopted an explicit purpose and role of black cooperatives in pursuing independent farming. Increasingly, new technology and integrated contracting systems are diminishing independent decisionmaking in the management of farms. As this trend expands, more cooperatives may be motivated, with a determination similar to those serving black farmers, to pursue proactive strategies for maintaining independent farming.
The idea of conducting this research was developed from reading an unpublished manuscript by a co-worker, Beverly Rotan, which was based on several case studies of black farmer cooperatives. Her research indicated that historical background was essential to understanding many of the current conditions for black farmers and their cooperatives. Discussions with Beverly and another co-worker, Edgar Lewis, were indispensable in the effort to adequately understand the goals and practices of black farmers and cooperatives. John Zippert of the Federation of Southern Cooperatives/Land Assistance Fund provided background on some of the major developments of black farmer cooperatives during the 1960s and 1970s,
Black or African-American Farm Operators
Grain and Oilseed Vegetables Fruits and Nuts Horticulture Tobacco Cotton All Other Crops Beef Cattle Cattle Feedlots Dairy Hogs and Pigs Poultry and Eggs Sheep and Goats Other Animals
Montgomery – Alabama
